As the U.S. finalizes a critical minerals deal with Ukraine, it is quietly advancing a far more ambitious play in Africa’s Great Lakes region, where a potential peace agreement between Congo and Rwanda could unlock access to the world’s richest deposits of tin, tungsten, and coltan—and challenge China’s dominance in the global metals race.
Key Developments:
- Congo’s Proposal: In February, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) sought U.S. support amid an M23 rebel offensive, offering mineral rights in exchange for security assistance—mirroring the Ukraine model.
- Bisie Tin Mine Rescue: The fall of Walikale (home to the world’s fourth-largest tin mine) in March triggered urgent U.S.-brokered talks. M23’s withdrawal allowed operator Alphamin Resources to restart production by mid-April, averting a global tin supply crisis.
- Conflict Minerals Quagmire: Over 60% of artisanal mines in eastern DRC face extortion by armed groups, including M23’s 15% “tax” on coltan. A U.S.-backed deal aims to formalize supply chains and curb illicit trade.
- Railway Rivalry: The U.S. is investing in the Lobito Corridor to route Congolese copper/cobalt west (via Angola), countering China’s $1.4B Tanzania-Zambia rail upgrade for eastbound shipments.
Beyond Ukraine: U.S. Pivots to Africa’s Critical Minerals in High-Stakes Congo-Rwanda Deal